Cairo, the capital city of Egypt, is a sprawling city that covers over 3,085 square kilometres.
Home to the iconic pyramids of Giza and the famous Nile River, Cairo is on many people’s bucket lists.
Cairo is known as Umm ad Dunya, which means ‘Mother of the World’ and it has indeed been the origin of many events that have impacted the entire world.
Here, history has stood the test of time, and one of the world’s most ancient and powerful civilizations refuses to be forgotten.
Here’s a list of the top attractions in Cairo…
Pyramids of Giza
The Pyramids of Giza are one of the greatest wonders of the world. They represent absolutely incredible architecture that rivals the most impressive buildings constructed today, and they were made without machines, without modern technology and without any 3D models to follow.
The largest pyramid is The Great Pyramid of Giza, which originally stood at an astounding 481 feet, making it the largest structure in the world for over 4,000 years. Today, it reaches a height of 449 feet, as the very top has unfortunately been lost.
These amazing structures are a reason to visit Cairo all by themselves, and definitely deserve the top spot on your itinerary.
The Nile River
From the Bible to the latest Hollywood mystery, the River Nile is firmly cemented as an iconic part of Egypt that never fails to attract visitors from around the world. Visitors will attest that there’s something special about this fabled river and that it somehow represents the heart of Egypt.
This never-ending source of intrigue and tourism is a must-see during your visit. There are a lot of options when it comes to the Nile, you can of course walk along the shores, or a popular option is to take a relaxing, mini cruise down the river and enjoy the peaceful atmosphere.
If you prefer something a little more upbeat, you can find plenty of floating nightclubs, restaurants and bars that sit on the Nile and welcome visitors all evening.
Cairo Tower
If you’re looking for the best views in the city, Cairo Tower is the place to go. This 600-foot high building was constructed in 1961, to represent (somewhat loosely) a lotus flower.
At the top of the tower, you can enjoy a 360 degrees panoramic view of the city below from the observation deck. It makes for a great photo opportunity, so be sure to bring your camera!
Once you’ve taken in the stunning views, you can enjoy some refreshments and snacks in the charmingly named Sky Garden Cafe, just below the observation deck in Cairo Tower.
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The Museum of Antiquities is located in the city centre, right next to Tahrir Square. It is dedicated to Egypt’s fascinating and glorious past, with displays of ancient artefacts, relics of the pharaohs and the carefully preserved mummified remains of some of ancient Egypt’s most influential figures.
In total, the museum has over 120,000 ancient Egyptian artefacts on display, making it one of the largest museums of its kind in the world.
Visitor’s looking for an overview of this historic place are sure to enjoy learning about the different dynasties, rulers and the intriguing culture of one of the world’s most famous ancient and powerful civilizations.
The Great Sphinx of Giza
Like the Great Pyramid of Giza, the Great Sphinx of Giza is an incredible and awesome sight. It’s located in the Giza Plateau and is a very popular attraction for tourists.
The sphinx is a mythical being, synonymous with ancient Egypt, that has the head of a human and the body of a lion.
The Great Sphinx of Giza was made from sturdy bedrock, and the original shape has been carefully restored with blocks of limestone. It is a truly colossal size for a monument, measuring 240 feet in length (from paw to tail) and 66 feet in height.
Cairo Citadel
The Cairo Citadel or Citadel of Saladin is a mediaeval, Islamic era fortification in El Khalifa. It was first built by Salah ad-Din and was kept and developed over the coming years by each new ruler.
It acted as the seat of government and residence for rulers in Egypt for almost 700 years, between the 13th century and the 19th century.
Today, visitors can tour the grand and imposing complex and learn about its influential political history.
The Alabaster Mosque
The Alabaster Mosque, also known as the Great Mosque of Muhammad Ali Pasha, is located right in the centre of the Cairo Citadel. The mosque was commissioned by Mohammad Ali Pasha in 1830, completed in 1848, and is now most famous for its spectacular chandelier.
Mhammad Ali Pasha was an Ottoman governor and the de facto ruler of Egypt. He’s considered one of the most influential figures in recent Egyptian history and is said to be the father of modern Egypt.
The elaborate and beautifully designed mosque was built in memory of his son, who died of the plague in 1816.
Al-Azhar Park
If you’re craving some green space in this vast desert country, Al-Azhar Park is the perfect place to go. It is right in the city centre, and is one of the most popular public parks for tourists and locals alike.
The park is a gigantic space that spans over 70 acres and is filled with lush greenery and colourful flora that make you feel as though you’ve just stepped into another country. It’s listed as one of the top green spaces in the world.
Here you can enjoy beautifully landscaped gardens, picturesque walkways, gazebos, shaded areas perfect for a picnic and beautiful water features bubbling away serenely.
The Cave Church
The Cave Church in Cairo is exactly what it sounds like, a huge church that is half-hidden within a cave on the slopes of Mokattam Mountain.
This unique place is actually the largest church in all of the Middle East. It is mesmerising to see the enormous seating arena, larger than most modern venues, and to think it has all been carved out of the mountain itself.
The church itself was established around 1975, and it remains one of Egypt’s most fantastic sites. The Cave Church just goes to show that ‘modern’ history can be every bit as intriguing as ancient history.
City Stars Mall
The City Stars Mall in Cairo is a large, sophisticated shopping arena that boasts a wide variety of shops and restaurants.
Although it doesn’t have the same unique character as some of the local bazaars, it is an excellent international shopping venue where you can find just about every luxury brand imaginable.
If you’re looking for some souvenirs to take home or possible gifts for some lucky friends and family, the City Stars Mall is a great place to look.
Gezira Island
Gezira Island is an island that sits right in the middle of the River Nile, safely cocooned by the city banks on both sides.
It is accessible via bridges that join it to the mainland, and it is divided into two districts, the Gezira district and the Zamalek district.
This unique part of Cairo makes for a lovely day trip, and although it is in the very centre of the city, it somehow feels like a completely different place, with its own unique atmosphere.
Cairo Opera House
The Cairo Opera House is the main venue for performances in Egypt’s capital. It is part of the National Cultural Centre, and is located on Gezira Island, in the Zamalek district.
If you’re a music enthusiast then the Opera House should definitely be on your list. It serves as the home to many of Egypt’s finest musicians, and there is a range of performances held throughout the year.
An elegant evening at the opera could be the perfect way to spend a night in this magical and mystical city.
Street of the Tent Makers
The Street of the Tent Makers (Sharia Khayamiya) is a unique market that specialises in tents but also sells many other high-quality wares.
Here you’ll find colourful carpets, expertly made sandals, vibrant textiles and other exquisitely handcrafted goods.
If you’re looking for some traditional souvenirs then this is the place to go. This atmosphere here is colourful and lively, and you’ll meet many friendly locals who’ll be happy to give you some sightseeing tips.
Coptic Cairo
Coptic Cairo is a famous part of Old Cairo, in the Nile Delta, and it is home to some of the most famous attractions in the old city.
Being such a historically significant city, there is something of cultural value on nearly every corner, so if you’re interested in exploring some of the famous sites, Coptic Cairo is a great place to start. It also has charming old streets that create a nostalgic atmosphere.
Places of interest here include the Babylon Fortress, the Hanging Church, the Greek Church of St George and the Coptic Museum to name a few.
Fortress of Babylon
The Fortress of Babylon is an ancient fortress found within Coptic Cairo, that sits on the east bank of the River Nile.
It is believed to have been built by the Persians in the 6th century BC. In the old days, it marked the boundary between Lower and Middle Egypt and was the stop where any ships and craft travelling along the Nile would have to pay tolls.
Today, visitors can explore this impressive fortification (which lends itself to the perfect holiday photo) and learn more about the origins of this ancient construction.
